The main goal of the course is to present the influence of human-induced actions (i.e. constructions of canals, water dams, networks of drainage ditches) on changes in hydrological regimes, morphology of river channels and land-use within river valleys of Europe. Another important goal is to show how river courses looked like before the period of intensive hydro technical works that started around 250 years ago. This will be presented showing the examples of river courses from Poland, Hungary, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, and other countries of Europe. What research techniques can be used to reconstruct the evolution of rivers prior to the canals and dams constructions? How the knowledge about the past of rivers can be used in river restoration projects? All students of geography, geology, earth sciences, environmental management, hydrology, and spatial planning are warmly welcome to take this course.